Lith Corporation, founded in 1998 by a group of material science doctor from Tsinghua University, has now become the leading manufacturer of battery lab&production equipment. Lith Corporation have production factories in shenzhen and xiamen of China.This allows for the possibility of providing high quality and low-cost precision machines for lab&production equipment,including: roller press, film coater,mixer, high-temperature furnace, glove box,and complete set of equipment for research of rechargeable battery materials. Simple to operate, low cost and commitment to our customers is our priority. 

What is a Car Battery Fabrication Line?

A Car Battery Fabrication Line refers to the integrated set of manufacturing processes and equipment used to produce battery cells for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). It encompasses all stages from raw material preparation to cell assembly, formation, and testing.

This line is typically part of a larger battery production ecosystem, which may also include module and pack assembly lines. The fabrication line focuses specifically on celllevel manufacturing, which is the most critical and complex part of the overall process due to its impact on performance, safety, cost, and scalability.

Depending on the level of automation and scale, this can range from labscale prototyping lines to semiautomated pilot lines and finally to fully automated highvolume gigafactory lines.



Key Objectives of a Car Battery Fabrication Line

1. Produce HighQuality Battery Cells at Scale
    Ensure consistent electrochemical performance
    Meet automotivegrade standards for reliability and longevity

2. Enable Mass Production Efficiency
    Maximize throughput with minimal downtime
    Reduce waste and improve yield rates

3. Support Multiple Battery Chemistries and Formats
    Accommodate NMC, LFP, solidstate, sodiumion, etc.
    Support pouch, prismatic, cylindrical, and novel form factors

4. Ensure Safety and Process Control
    Maintain clean and dry environments during critical steps
    Implement realtime monitoring and traceability

5. Optimize for Cost and Sustainability
    Reduce energy consumption and raw material waste
    Enable recycling and closedloop material recovery

6. Facilitate Technology Transfer and Innovation
    Allow integration of new materials and designs
    Enable process improvements through data analytics and AI



Stages in a Car Battery Fabrication Line

The fabrication line consists of several interconnected stages that transform raw materials into fully functional battery cells.

  1. Material Preparation and Slurry Mixing
 Cathode and anode powders are mixed with solvents, binders, and conductive agents
 Slurries are homogenized using planetary mixers or highshear systems
 Quality checks ensure uniformity and viscosity

  2. Electrode Coating
 The slurry is applied onto current collectors:
   Aluminum foil for cathodes
   Copper foil for anodes
 Slotdie coating or doctorblade methods are commonly used
 Thickness and coating quality are monitored with laser sensors

  3. Drying and Calendering
 Electrodes are dried in ovens to remove solvents (e.g., NMP)
 Drying must occur in controlled humidity and temperature conditions
 After drying, electrodes are compressed using calendering machines to achieve desired density and porosity

  4. Slitting and Cutting
 Electrodes are cut into precise widths using slitting machines
 Edge quality and dimensional accuracy are crucial for stacking or winding
 Dust extraction systems prevent contamination

  5. Stacking or Winding
 Two main approaches:
   Stacking: Used mainly for pouch and prismatic cells; layers of positive and negative electrodes are stacked with separators
   Winding: Used for cylindrical cells; jellyroll configuration created by winding electrodes and separator together
 Automated robotic systems ensure precision and alignment

  6. Cell Assembly
 The electrode stack or wound jelly roll is inserted into a cell housing (pouch, metal can, or prismatic case)
 Separator placement and internal connections are verified
 Tabs are welded to terminals using laser welding or resistance welding

  7. Electrolyte Filling and Sealing
 Must be done in a dry room environment (<1% RH) to avoid moisture contamination
 Electrolyte is injected precisely into the cell
 Cell is sealed immediately after filling to prevent exposure to air

  8. Formation and Aging
 First charge/discharge cycle ("formation") activates the cell chemistry
 Cells undergo aging under controlled conditions to stabilize performance
 Formation data is recorded for traceability and sorting

  9. Testing and Sorting
 Electrical tests measure capacity, internal resistance, and voltage stability
 Mechanical tests check for leaks, seal integrity, and structural strength
 Cells are sorted based on performance metrics before shipping or further assembly



Types of Car Battery Fabrication Lines

Fabrication lines can vary significantly depending on the battery type, scale, and automation level:

  1. LabScale Fabrication Line
 Manual operations, small batches
 Focus: research, material testing, proofofconcept
 Equipment: gloveboxes, small coaters, manual stackers

  2. Pilot Fabrication Line
 Semiautomated, flexible setup
 Focus: process development, validation, smallscale trials
 Equipment: modular machines, MESintegrated systems

  3. Mass Production Fabrication Line
 Fully automated, highspeed systems
 Focus: gigafactorylevel output (GWh/year)
 Equipment: continuous coating lines, robotic winders, AIcontrolled systems



Supporting Infrastructure in a Car Battery Fabrication Line

To ensure safe and efficient operation, several critical support systems must be integrated:

  1. Clean Room & Dry Room Systems
 Ultralow humidity zones for electrolyte filling and electrode handling
 HEPA filtration to remove particulates
 Climate control for optimal process conditions

  2. Fire Safety and Explosion Protection
 Gas detection systems for solvent vapors
 Inert gas blanketing in mixing and drying areas

 Fire suppression systems with clean agents or water mist

Prismatic Cell Assembly Line

  3. Digital Manufacturing and Traceability
 MES (Manufacturing Execution System) – Realtime process tracking
 IoT sensors and PLCs – Monitor pressure, temperature, humidity
 AIbased vision systems – Detect defects in coatings and welds
 Traceability systems – Track each cell from raw materials to shipment

  4. Sustainability and Waste Management
 Solvent recovery systems – Reuse of NMP
 Battery recycling integration – Closedloop material recovery
 Energyefficient HVAC and lighting
 Water treatment systems – For cleaning and process water

  5. Automation and Robotics
 Automated conveyor systems – Move materials and components
 Robotic arms – Handle electrodes, stack components, load/unload machines
 Laser welding and cutting – Highprecision joining and trimming
 Smart testing systems – Autosort cells based on test results



Applications of a Car Battery Fabrication Line

Car battery fabrication lines are essential across various sectors:

  1. Battery Manufacturers
 Producing cells for OEMs and EV brands
 Developing proprietary technologies and chemistries

  2. Automotive OEMs
 Vertical integration of battery production
 Customization of battery packs for vehicle platforms

  3. Startups and Innovators
 Scaling up new battery technologies
 Attracting investment and strategic partnerships

  4. Government and Industrial Parks
 Building local battery supply chains
 Supporting national electrification strategies

  5. Tier 1 Suppliers
 Supplying modules and packs to OEMs
 Integrating BMS, cooling, and safety systems



Benefits of a Car Battery Fabrication Line

 Enables largescale production of EV batteries
 Reduces dependency on external suppliers
 Supports innovation in battery chemistry and design
 Improves cost efficiency and product consistency
 Strengthens local industrial ecosystems
 Promotes sustainability and circular economy practices
 Provides competitive advantage in the EV market



Leading Companies Involved in Car Battery Fabrication Line Development

Here are some key global players involved in designing, building, and operating car battery fabrication lines:

  Battery Manufacturers:
 CATL (China) – World’s largest EV battery supplier
 BYD (China) – Blade battery technology
 Panasonic (Japan) – Partner to Tesla for cylindrical cells
 Samsung SDI (South Korea) – Highenergydensity solutions
 ACC (France) – European battery cell manufacturer

  Research Institutions:
 Fraunhofer Institute (Germany) – Advanced battery production R&D
 Argonne National Laboratory (USA) – Materials and process innovation
 KRICT (South Korea) – Battery chemistry and pilotscale work
 CSIRO (Australia) – Sustainable battery development

  Equipment and Automation Providers:
 KUKA (Germany) – Robotic automation
 Siemens (Germany) – Digital twin and MES platforms
 Trumpf, IPG Photonics (Global) – Laser welding and cutting
 Hanson Robotics, Gree EnergyTech (China) – Integrated battery line solutions
 B&R Automation (ABB subsidiary) – Smart manufacturing systems

  Engineering and EPC Firms:
 Bechtel, Hatch, Black & Veatch (Global) – Turnkey plant construction
 Wood, Jacobs, GHD (Global) – Engineering and sustainability consulting



Need Help Designing or Optimizing Your Car Battery Fabrication Line?

If you're looking to build, expand, or optimize your car battery fabrication line, I can help you with:

 Master planning – Site selection, process flow, zoning  
 Process engineering – Battery chemistry, format, and production stages  
 Factory layout design – Clean/dry room integration, workflow  
 Equipment sourcing – Bestinclass machinery and automation  
 Sustainability strategy – Green energy, recyclability, circular economy  
 Cost estimation and ROI analysis – CapEx, OpEx, breakeven modeling  
 Compliance and safety systems – Fire protection, permits, worker safety  

All you need to do is provide the following information:

 Battery chemistry and cell format (e.g., NMC, LFP, solidstate, pouch)  
 Target annual production capacity (e.g., 10–100 MWh/year or more)  
 Plant location and available infrastructure  
 Level of automation and digitalization desired  

 Current team expertise and strategic goals